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Wall street crash: Cold war and Black america
Aid. (October 1947) Cominform was set up to control all Communist countries in Europe.
6. CZECHOSLOVAKIA (March 1948) – (March 1948) – Communists took control
Panicked the US Senate into granting Marshall Aid (31 March 1948)
THE BERLIN BLOCKADE
1. Causes [CABAN]
· Cold War was beginning to bite – created tension.
· Aims – USA+UK wanted Germany to recover/ Stalin looting German industrial capacity.
· Bizonia – USA, UK, France merged zones – became more prosperous than the Soviet.
· American Aid – Marshall Aid was voted 31 March 1948.
· New Currency –Britain and America introduced new currency – destabilised the East German economy. Stalin said that this was the cause of the blockade.
2. Events – (24 June 1948) – Stalin closed rail + road links to Berlin / Lasted 11 months/ Allies airlifted supplies to Berlin – 275,000 flights, 1.5m tons/ In winter, Berliners lived on dried eggs and potatoes/ 4 hours of electricity a day./ US had B29 bombers on standby./ (12 May 1949) – Stalin re-opened the borders.
3. Results [CENA]
· Cold War got worse.
· East/West Germany: German Democratic Republic/ Federal Republic of Germany.
· NATO and Warsaw Pact – NATO (1949) defensive alliance against USSR/ Warsaw Pact 1955 by Russia
· Arms Race. The USA and USSR competed for world domination.
KOREAN WAR (North Korea [Communist] invaded South Korea [Capitalist])
1. Causes [DUCKS]
· Domino theory – Truman thought that Far Eastern countries would fall like dominoes. China Communist (1949). Truman feared Japan would follow.
· Undermine Communism – The National Security Council recommended (NSC 68 – April 1950) abandoning containment to ‘roll back’ Communism.
· Cold War – America & Russia for world domination – Korea a ‘war at arm’s length’.
· Kim Il Sung – got Stalin’s and Mao tse Tung’s agreement to attack South Korea.
· Syngman Rhee (1950) – boasted he would attack North Korea – gave an excuse.
2. Events
· By June 1950 – the NKPA captured most of South Korea from the ROKs.
· July 1950 – UN troops (Americans led by MacArthur), drove the Communists back to the Chinese border.
· October 1950 – China attacked/ drove the Americans back/ advanced into South Korea.
· March 1950 – American reinforcements drove back Chinese (200,000 dead). Truman told the troops to stop t the 38th [next page]